Childhood Obesity

What is childhood obesity?

Childhood obesity means excess body fat that may affect a child's health and development. In children, BMI needs to be interpreted according to age and sex, rather than using adult BMI cut-offs.

Why is my child gaining too much weight?

Possible contributors include:

• Dietary patterns
• Sugary drinks and highly processed foods
• Low physical activity
• Excess screen time
• Poor sleep
• Family and environmental factors
• Medications
• Genetic conditions
• Endocrine disorders in selected children

Is childhood obesity only because my child eats too much?

No. Weight is influenced by genetics, environment, sleep, physical activity, medications, family factors and metabolic biology as well as food intake.

Can childhood obesity cause diabetes?

Yes. Excess weight increases the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, particularly during adolescence.

Can obesity cause early puberty?

Excess body weight is associated with earlier pubertal development in many girls. Puberty still needs to be assessed based on the child's overall development.

Does every child with obesity need hormone tests?

No. Most childhood obesity is not caused by an endocrine disorder. Hormonal testing is usually considered when there are additional clues such as poor height gain, unusual physical features or other endocrine symptoms.

How can I help my child lose weight?

For children, the goal is usually healthy growth and improved lifestyle, rather than aggressive dieting.

Focus on:

• Nutritious family meals
• Fruits and vegetables
• Adequate protein
• Water instead of sugary drinks
• Regular physical activity
• Adequate sleep
• Limiting excessive screen time
• Avoiding weight-based criticism or shame

Should children go on strict diets?

Generally, children should not be placed on restrictive diets without professional guidance. Their nutritional needs for growth must be considered.