Diabetes in Children

Can children develop diabetes?

Yes. Children can develop type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and several less common forms of diabetes.

What is type 1 diabetes?

Type 1 diabetes is caused by destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas, resulting in severe insulin deficiency.

What are the symptoms of type 1 diabetes?

Common symptoms include:

• Excessive thirst
• Frequent urination
• Bedwetting in a previously toilet-trained child
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Increased hunger
• Dehydration

Can a child with diabetes eat normal food?

Children with diabetes can eat a healthy, balanced diet. The dietary plan should support both glucose management and normal growth.

Does a child with type 1 diabetes need insulin?

Yes. Children with type 1 diabetes require insulin because their bodies produce little or no insulin.

Will my child need insulin forever?

Type 1 diabetes usually requires lifelong insulin treatment, although insulin needs can change considerably during childhood and puberty.

Can children develop type 2 diabetes?

Yes. Type 2 diabetes can occur in children and adolescents, particularly in the presence of obesity and other risk factors.

How is type 1 diabetes different from type 2 diabetes?

Type 1 diabetes is primarily an autoimmune disorder causing insulin deficiency. Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance and progressive impairment of insulin secretion.

What is diabetic ketoacidosis?

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of severe insulin deficiency. It can cause vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration, rapid breathing and altered consciousness and requires urgent medical treatment.

Can a child with diabetes exercise?

Yes. Physical activity is an important part of healthy development and diabetes management. Blood glucose and insulin requirements may need adjustment around exercise.