Thyroid Disorders in Children

Can children have thyroid problems?

Yes. Thyroid disorders can occur in infants, children and adolescents.

What is hypothyroidism in children?

Hypothyroidism occurs when the body does not have enough thyroid hormone.

What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism in children?

Possible symptoms include:

• Poor growth
• Tiredness
• Constipation
• Dry skin
• Cold intolerance
• Weight gain
• Delayed puberty
• Poor school performance or concentration

Symptoms can be subtle, especially in older children.

What is congenital hypothyroidism?

Congenital hypothyroidism is thyroid hormone deficiency present from birth. Newborn screening allows early diagnosis and treatment, which is important for normal brain development.

Can children develop Hashimoto thyroiditis?

Yes. Hashimoto thyroiditis is an autoimmune thyroid disorder and is a common cause of acquired hypothyroidism in children and adolescents.

Can thyroid disease affect school performance?

Untreated thyroid disorders can affect energy, concentration and cognitive function.

Can children have hyperthyroidism?

Yes. Graves disease is an important cause of hyperthyroidism in children and adolescents.

What are symptoms of hyperthyroidism in children?

Possible symptoms include:

• Weight loss
• Increased appetite
• Fast heartbeat
• Tremor
• Excess sweating
• Heat intolerance
• Anxiety or irritability
• Difficulty sleeping
• Poor concentration

Does every abnormal TSH require treatment?

Not necessarily. The result needs to be interpreted according to the child's age, free thyroid hormone levels, symptoms and the clinical context.